(joint talk with Economics)" Neighborhood Gentrification "The Duke Population Research Institute (DuPRI), an affiliate of SSRI, is dedicated to the conceptual unification of the demographic sciences. We host a regular Thursday afternoon speaker series presenting innovative research during the academic year that all members of the Duke community are invited to attend.
(joint talk with Sociology) "Seeing or Believing: 1st vs. 3rd Person Perspectives on Racial Identification" Race is most often conceptualized as a characteristic that defines populations based on shared physical appearance, but in social research, race is measured by self-reported identities, which are subject to political and cultural forces as well as personal preferences.
The Duke Population Research Institute (DuPRI), an affiliate of SSRI, is dedicated to the conceptual unification of the demographic sciences. We host a regular Thursday afternoon speaker series presenting innovative research during the academic year that all members of the Duke community are invited to attend.
Good survey practice requires the computation and presentation of the response rate for the realized sample. The response rate is an indicator of the potential bias associated with sample-specific estimates of population parameters, but it is only an indicator, since the extent of bias due to non-response also hinges on the differences in the population between respondents and non-respondents. This latter quantity is oft-surmised but rarely known, and in practice reactivity to response rates is generally a gestalt, with summary assessments on the order of "too low" or "good enough".
A large body of work in economics and other disciplines has investigated the relationship between family structure- including birth order, family size, and sibling composition- and children's outcomes. However, the age difference between siblings (spacing) has received much less attention in the economic literature, despite the fact that child spacing "may well be the most important aspect of fertility differentials in low-fertility societies" (Wineberg and McCarthy 1989).
In this presentation, the Multiphasic Response model is used as a foundation for understanding the relationship between land use change (agricultural development), fertility and human migration in the Ecuadorian Amazon. Davis' 1963 Theory of Multiphasic Response proposed that individuals and households recognize the need to change demographic behavior to avoid declines in standards of living and to take advantage of economic opportunities. Novel to Davis' argument was that people will respond to external economic dynamics both sequentially and simultaneously, hence the term multiphasic.
In 1950 men and women in the United States had a combined life expectancy of 68.9 years, the 12th highest life expectancy at birth in the world. Today, life expectancy is up to 79.2 years, yet the country is now 28th on the list, behind the United Kingdom, Korea, Canada, and France, among others. This presentation examines patterns in international differences in life expectancy above age 50 and assesses the evidence and arguments that have been advanced to explain the poor position of the United States relative to other countries.
Political and economic transition is often blamed for Russia's 40% surge in deaths between 1990 and 1994 (the "Russian Mortality Crisis"). Highlighting that increases in mortality occurred primarily among alcohol-related causes and among working-age men (the heaviest drinkers), this paper investigates a different explanation: the demise of the 1985-1988 Gorbachev Anti-Alcohol Campaign.
Sampling from a network using a random walk based approach such as Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) is difficult because the sample can get stuck in isolated clusters of the network, reducing precision. In this paper we propose an alternative strategy Network Sampling with Memory (NSM) that uses social network data collected from respondents to increase the efficiency of the sampling process.
Populations across the globe are experiencing demographic transitions related to aging, migration and women joining the paid labor force. In spite of these major demographic transitions, work places policies and practices have not often been responsive to such demographic changes, especially in the United States. Health may be impacted by the mounting demands experienced by many workers, especially among women in low wage occupations. Findings related to these demographic transitions are presented. In addition, recent findings from a study of low wage employees are discussed.